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calibre-cleaner 清洗 Calibre 书库:修复损坏书名/提取作者/检测编码损坏、小文件的批量删除 proposal v1 2026-06-24T03:23:27.062Z

Calibre 书库清洗 Skill

概述

Calibre 书库整理三件套:

  1. 书名清洗 —— 修复从 txt 导入产生的 HTML 标签/长文本/乱码书名,截取前 20 个中文字符,移除网站链接
  2. 作者提取 —— 从书名或原始文件名 data.name 中自动提取作者名(匹配 作者:xxx-xxxBY xxx 等格式)
  3. 脏数据清理 —— 检测并删除内容损坏的 txt(中文 < 10%)、小于 10KB 的垃圾文件、Python 列表格式垃圾标题

前置条件

  • 书库路径:/home/yangxuan/calibre/books
  • 元数据文件:/home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db
  • 运行前须停止其他 Calibre 进程(桌面版、Docker Calibre-Web
  • 运行前 必须备份 metadata.db

一、书名清洗 & 作者提取

shorten(s, max_bytes=120)

将字符串截断到指定字节数,避免因 UTF-8 中文字符跨字节而损坏。

def shorten(s, max_bytes=120):
    encoded = s.encode('utf-8')
    if len(encoded) <= max_bytes:
        return s
    try:
        return encoded[:max_bytes].decode('utf-8')
    except:
        return encoded[:max_bytes-3].decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')

clean_title(title)

def clean_title(title):
    t = title
    # 移除 HTML 标签
    t = re.sub(r'<[^>]+>', '', t)
    # 替换 _BR_ / _BR 标记
    t = re.sub(r'_BR_', ' ', t, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
    t = re.sub(r'_BR(?![a-zA-Z])', ' ', t)
    # 移除 _fontxxx_ / _imgxxx_ 标记
    t = re.sub(r'_font[^_]*_', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'_img[^_]*_', '', t)
    # 移除网站链接
    t = re.sub(r'[\(]www\.[^)]+[\)]', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'^[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.com@', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'[-–—][a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.com$', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'【[^】]*?(?:下载|网站|书城|声明|提供)[^】]*】', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'[:].*?(?:本文由|本电子书).*$', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'[/]\s*www\.[^\s]+.*$', '', t)
    t = re.sub(r'[,。]?https?://[^\s\)\]]+', '', t)
    # 移除声明文字当书名
    t = re.sub(r'^内容简介[】】]?', '', t)
    # 移除作者/翻译标记(批量清洗时用)
    t = re.sub(r'[ \s]*?(?:作者|翻译|原?作者)[:].*$', '', t, flags=re.DOTALL)
    # 移除 Unknown/未知 尾巴
    t = re.sub(r'\s*-\s*(Unknown|未知)\s*$', '', t)
    # 合并多余空格
    t = re.sub(r'\s+', ' ', t).strip()
    # 截取前 20 个中文字符(保留非中文直到第 20 个中文出现)
    chinese_count = 0
    pos = 0
    for i, c in enumerate(t):
        if '\u4e00' <= c <= '\u9fff':
            chinese_count += 1
            if chinese_count == 20:
                pos = i + 1
                break
    if chinese_count > 20:
        t = t[:pos]
    # 超长截短
    if len(t) > 100:
        m = re.search(r'[\u4e00-\u9fff]{2,}', t)
        if m:
            t = t[m.start():]
        t = t[:60].rstrip(',。;:、!?…\ufffd\'"').rstrip('.,;:!?\'').strip()
    # 移除控制字符
    t = re.sub(r'[\x00-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f]', '', t)
    return shorten(t, 100).strip() or 'Unknown'

作者提取规则(从文件中同时匹配 title 和 data.name

优先从 data.name(原始文件名)提取,更准确:

EXCLUDE_AUTHORS = {'正文', '内容简介', ''}

def extract_author_from_name(file_name):
    """从 data.name(原始文件名)提取作者"""
    name = file_name
    # 去掉尾巴
    name = re.sub(r'\s*-\s*(Unknown|未知)\s*$', '', name)
    # 匹配作者:xxx
    m = re.search(r'作者[:]\s*([^\s_\)《\[【\]】\-,]+)', name)
    if m:
        candidate = m.group(1).strip()
        if candidate not in EXCLUDE_AUTHORS and len(candidate) < 30:
            return candidate
    # 匹配翻译:xxx
    m = re.search(r'翻译[:]\s*([^\s_\)《\[【\]】\-,]+)', name)
    if m:
        candidate = m.group(1).strip()
        if len(candidate) < 20:
            return candidate
    # 匹配原作者:xxx
    m = re.search(r'原?作者[:]\s*([^\s_\)《\[【\]】\-,]+)', name)
    if m:
        candidate = m.group(1).strip()
        if len(candidate) < 30:
            return candidate
    return None

def extract_author_from_title(title):
    """从 title 提取作者(降级方案,仅在 data.name 无用时)"""
    m = re.search(r'作者[:]\s*([^\s,,、\))《\[]+)', title)
    if m:
        name = m.group(1).strip()
        if name not in EXCLUDE_AUTHORS and not re.match(r'^第\d+[章节]', name):
            return name
    m = re.search(r'翻译[:]\s*([^\s,,、\))《\[]+)', title)
    if m:
        return m.group(1).strip()
    m = re.search(r'\b[Bb][Yy]\s+([^\s,,、\))《\[]+)', title)
    if m:
        name = m.group(1).strip()
        if name not in EXCLUDE_AUTHORS:
            return name
    m = re.search(r'-([^-()【】\[\]{}《》\s]{2,30})$', title)
    if m:
        name = m.group(1).strip()
        if name not in EXCLUDE_AUTHORS and not re.match(r'^\d+', name):
            return name
    m = re.search(r'&([^&()【】\[\]\s]{2,30})$', title)
    if m:
        name = m.group(1).strip()
        if name not in EXCLUDE_AUTHORS:
            return name
    return None

坏书检测条件

is_bad = (
    len(title) > 100 or
    '<img' in title or '<BR' in title or '<font' in title or
    '\ufffd' in title or
    len(title.encode('utf-8')) > 150
)

二、脏数据清理

2.1 检测条件

扫描书库中所有 TXT 文件,读取前 20KB 检测中文比例:

  • 内容损坏/二进制垃圾:中文比例 < 10%(标记为待删除)
  • 小文件垃圾uncompressed_size < 1024010KB 以下)
  • 垃圾格式标题Python 列表格式(含 'xxx', 'R-18' 单引号列表)、转义字符(\n\u3000id=)、HTML 实体(raquo;laquo;
def is_garbage_format_title(title):
    """检测标题是否为垃圾格式"""
    import re
    if re.search(r"'.*',\s*'R-18'", title):
        return True
    if re.search(r'[\\]u[0-9a-fA-F]{4}', title):
        return True
    if re.search(r'id=|pid=', title):
        return True
    if 'raquo;' in title or 'laquo;' in title:
        return True
    if '【内容简介】' in title or '内容简介】' in title:
        return True
    return False

def is_dirty_content(full_path):
    """检测文件内容是否为垃圾"""
    if not os.path.exists(full_path):
        return True  # 文件丢失也算脏
    with open(full_path, 'rb') as f:
        raw = f.read(20480)
    text = raw.decode('utf-8', errors='replace')
    chinese = sum(1 for c in text if '\u4e00' <= c <= '\u9fff')
    ratio = chinese / len(text) if len(text) > 0 else 0
    return ratio < 0.10

2.2 批量删除(通过 SQLite 直写)

停掉 calibre 进程后,通过 SQLite 删除记录并清理文件系统:

DELETE FROM data WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books_authors_link WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books_languages_link WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books_publishers_link WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books_series_link WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books_tags_link WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM comments WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM identifiers WHERE book = ?
DELETE FROM books WHERE id = ?

同时删除对应目录:shutil.rmtree(os.path.join('/home/yangxuan/calibre/books', bpath))

2.3 完整删除脚本

import sqlite3, os, shutil

db_path = '/home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db'
conn = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
c = conn.cursor()

c.execute('''
    SELECT b.id, b.title, b.path, d.name, d.uncompressed_size
    FROM books b 
    JOIN data d ON d.book = b.id 
    WHERE d.format = 'TXT'
''')
rows = c.fetchall()

to_delete = []

for bid, title, bpath, fname, size in rows:
    full_path = os.path.join('/home/yangxuan/calibre/books', bpath, fname + '.txt')
    
    # 条件0:垃圾格式标题(Python列表、转义字符等)
    if is_garbage_format_title(title):
        to_delete.append((bid, bpath))
        continue
    
    # 条件1:小文件垃圾
    if size < 10240:
        to_delete.append((bid, bpath))
        continue
    
    if not os.path.exists(full_path):
        continue
    
    # 条件2:内容损坏(中文 < 10%)
    if is_dirty_content(full_path):
        to_delete.append((bid, bpath))

print(f"待删除: {len(to_delete)}", flush=True)
for bid, bpath in to_delete:
    for table in ['data', 'books_authors_link', 'books_languages_link',
                  'books_publishers_link', 'books_series_link', 'books_tags_link',
                  'comments', 'identifiers']:
        c.execute(f'DELETE FROM {table} WHERE book=?', (bid,))
    c.execute('DELETE FROM books WHERE id=?', (bid,))
    full_dir = os.path.join('/home/yangxuan/calibre/books', bpath)
    if os.path.exists(full_dir):
        shutil.rmtree(full_dir)

conn.commit()
conn.close()
print(f"完成,删除: {len(to_delete)}", flush=True)

三、书名批量清洗(作者标记去除 + 前 20 中文截取)

对于书名中含 作者:xxx翻译:xxx 标记但作者字段已有值的书,使用此脚本批量清洗:

import sqlite3, re

db_path = '/home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db'
conn = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
c = conn.cursor()

c.execute('''
    SELECT b.id, b.title, a.name as author_name, d.name as file_name
    FROM books b
    JOIN data d ON d.book = b.id AND d.format = 'TXT'
    JOIN books_authors_link l ON b.id = l.book
    JOIN authors a ON l.author = a.id
    WHERE (b.title LIKE '%作者:%' OR b.title LIKE '%作者:%' OR b.title LIKE '%翻译:%' OR b.title LIKE '%翻译:%')
      AND a.name NOT IN ('未知', 'Unknown')
    ORDER BY b.id
''')
rows = c.fetchall()

for bid, title, author_name, file_name in rows:
    # 1. 从 data.name 提取作者并更新 author 字段(如不同)
    name_clean = re.sub(r'\s*-\s*(Unknown|未知)\s*$', '', file_name)
    m = re.search(r'[ \s]*?(?:作者|翻译|原?作者)[:]\s*([^\s_\)《\[【\]】\-,]+)', name_clean)
    if m:
        extracted = m.group(1).strip()
        if extracted and extracted != author_name and len(extracted) < 30:
            cur = conn.cursor()
            cur.execute("SELECT id FROM authors WHERE name=?", (extracted,))
            ar = cur.fetchone()
            if ar:
                aid = ar[0]
            else:
                cur.execute("INSERT INTO authors (name, sort) VALUES (?, ?)", (extracted, extracted.replace(',', '').strip()))
                aid = cur.lastrowid
            cur.execute("UPDATE books_authors_link SET author=? WHERE book=?", (aid, bid))
            cur.close()
    
    # 2. 裁剪书名:去标记 + 前 20 中文
    clean_title = re.sub(r'[ \s]*?(?:作者|翻译|原?作者)[:].*$', '', file_name, flags=re.DOTALL)
    clean_title = re.sub(r'\s*-\s*(Unknown|未知)\s*$', '', clean_title).strip()
    
    if clean_title:
        count = 0
        pos = 0
        for i, ch in enumerate(clean_title):
            if '\u4e00' <= ch <= '\u9fff':
                count += 1
                if count == 20:
                    pos = i + 1
                    break
        if count > 20:
            clean_title = clean_title[:pos]
        
        if clean_title != title:
            c.execute("UPDATE books SET title=? WHERE id=?", (clean_title, bid))

conn.commit()
conn.close()

四、常用查询

4.1 查看 XX 作者的书

sqlite3 /home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db "
SELECT b.id, b.title
FROM books b JOIN books_authors_link l ON b.id = l.book
JOIN authors a ON l.author = a.id
WHERE a.name = 'Unknown'
LIMIT 20;
"

4.2 统计作者分布

sqlite3 /home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db "
SELECT a.name, COUNT(*) as cnt
FROM books b JOIN books_authors_link l ON b.id = l.book
JOIN authors a ON l.author = a.id
GROUP BY a.name ORDER BY cnt DESC LIMIT 20;
"

4.3 书名异常检测

sqlite3 /home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db "
SELECT id, title FROM books WHERE
  title LIKE '%作者%' OR title LIKE '%翻译%' OR
  title LIKE '%.com%' OR title LIKE '%http%' OR
  title LIKE '%内容简介%' OR
  LENGTH(title) > 80;
"

4.4 书库统计

python3 -c "
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect('/home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db')
c = conn.cursor()
c.execute('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM books')
print(f'总书籍: {c.fetchone()[0]}')
c.execute('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM data WHERE format=\"TXT\"')
print(f'TXT 文件: {c.fetchone()[0]}')
conn.close()
"

五、操作流程(推荐顺序)

cd /home/yangxuan/calibre

# 1. 停服务 + 备份
docker compose down
cp books/metadata.db books/metadata.db.backup.$(date +%Y%m%d)
killall calibre 2>/dev/null

# 2. 脏数据清理(内容损坏 + 小文件 + 垃圾格式标题)
python3 /path/to/clean_dirty_data.py

# 3. 书名清洗 & 作者提取(含 data.name 级别提取)
calibre-debug /path/to/fix_titles.py

# 4. 检查是否有遗漏的异常书籍
sqlite3 books/metadata.db \"SELECT id, title FROM books WHERE title LIKE '%作者%' OR title LIKE '%翻译%' OR title LIKE '%.com%';\" | head -10

# 5. 重启
docker compose up -d

六、已知问题

set_metadataErrno 36 文件名过长

author_sort 字段超 80 字节时,Calibre 路径会触及 ext4 255 字节限制。先清理极长作者名:

sqlite3 /home/yangxuan/calibre/books/metadata.db "
UPDATE authors SET name='Unknown' WHERE LENGTH(name) > 30;
"

WSL /mnt/f 删除 NTFS 文件权限不够

WSL 的 drvfs 默认不带 metadata 选项,sudo rmos.removecmd.exe /c del 均无法删除 NTFS 文件。不要在 WSL 下尝试跨分区删除操作,直接让 Windows 侧(文件资源管理器/PowerShell)操作。

书名长度截取规则

title 字段清洗后最多保留 20 个中文字符。计数规则:只计 Unicode 范围的 \u4e00-\u9fff 中文字符,保留第 20 个中文之前的所有字符(含非中文)。如书名不足 20 个中文则全保留。

title vs data.name 区别

  • books.title:Calibre 界面显示的书名(清洗后的)
  • data.name:导入时的原始文件名(不含 .txt
  • 作者提取优先使用 data.name,其文件名保留原始信息、更可靠